Our article: Promoting the construction of a new energy system and consolidating the cornerstone of my country's energy security| Study and implement the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee

The "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reforms and Promoting Chinese-style Modernization" adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China emphasized the need to improve the clean and efficient utilization mechanism of coal; accelerate the planning and construction of a new energy system; and improve policies and measures for new energy consumption and regulation. This points out the direction for my country's carbon peak and carbon neutrality "double carbon" goal and the high-quality development of the energy industry. At present, we must pay attention to the deep integrated development of traditional energy and new energy, promote the orderly replacement of new energy and renewable energy, enhance the resilience of the energy system, and consolidate the cornerstone of my country's energy security.

Challenges and opportunities facing my country's energy industry

Our country is the world's leading primary energy consumer and the largest net energy importer. The country's total energy volume is insufficient and there are structural flaws. my country's energy has the resource endowment characteristics of being short of oil, little gas, and relatively rich in coal, which also largely determines the production structure of long-term energy dominated by coal. Although my country's total fossil energy consumption is declining, the total proportion still exceeds 80%, and the proportion of renewable energy power generation in my country's power generation structure is still low. At the same time, my country's energy utilization efficiency is relatively low, and there are energy losses and waste in energy extraction, transportation, processing, conversion, and use. Energy utilization technology lags behind, ecological and environmental pressure is increasing, pollution emission problems are prominent, and the carbon neutrality window period is short.

Our country's energy security is intertwined with old and new risks, and low-carbon transformation has entered an important period. We should clarify the green positioning of the energy structure, promote energy structure adjustment, improve energy utilization methods, accelerate clean energy substitution, promote low-carbon transformation, and promote the integration of traditional energy and new energy. Development, make new energy the main body, effectively increase the supply of new energy, ensure the orderly exit of fossil energy, and comprehensively improve energy quality and supply assurance capabilities. Bring greater output with lower energy consumption and smaller carbon emissions.

Comprehensively improve energy quality and supply assurance capabilities

Optimize energy structure and allocation. my country's energy structure is changing from coal-based to diversified, and the driving force for energy development is changing from traditional energy growth to new energy growth. my country has basically formed a diversified energy production system such as coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear power, and renewable energy. It is necessary to continue to improve the energy supply structure, rationally allocate electricity, oil, gas, heat, hydrogen, coal and other energy sources, and increase the proportion of clean energy supply. Strictly control energy consumption intensity, and add new renewable energy and raw material energy not included in the total energy consumption control. Develop wind power and solar power generation with high quality, carry out major hydropower and nuclear power projects, coordinate the construction of wind power and photovoltaic bases, and develop biomass energy, geothermal energy and other renewable energy sources according to local conditions. Develop new oil and gas resources and strengthen the development of new oil and gas resources such as offshore deepwater oil and gas and shale gas. Build a new power system in an orderly manner, give full play to the role of the national unified hierarchical power market in allocating resources, and promote the power grid to actively adapt to the development of large-scale centralized new energy and large-scale and wide-ranging distributed energy.

Strengthen energy conservation and carbon reduction in key areas. Promote the synergy between fossil energy and non-fossil energy in the supply and use of the entire industry chain, enhance the resilience of the energy industry chain and supply chain, and ensure the independent supply of main energy. Strengthen technological innovation in coal energy conservation and carbon reduction, and increase investment in clean and low-carbon energy. Support the transformation of energy-intensive industries such as steel and chemicals, upgrade existing energy-consuming facilities and equipment, and eliminate inefficient and backward production capacity. Strengthen the application of new power grid technology and establish a market-oriented power trading system. Steadily increase the proportion of renewable energy consumption and promote clean, low-carbon and efficient use of energy. Strictly and rationally control the growth of coal consumption, strictly control coal consumption in steel, chemical and other industries, and increase the exploration and development of oil and gas resources and reserve increase efforts. Develop emerging business formats such as clean energy transportation and green buildings to empower energy transformation in the field of people's livelihood.

Promote the construction of an energy production, supply, storage and marketing system. Scientifically handle the relationship between regional energy demand and supply, and coordinate the promotion of energy production, supply, storage and marketing. Strengthen the construction of infrastructure such as power grids and oil and gas pipeline networks, especially the construction of cross-provincial transmission channels for electricity and oil and gas, focus on the integration of infrastructure in the fields of energy, communications and transportation, and strengthen green mining and clean conversion of coal. Appropriately expand the scale of crude oil, refined oil, natural gas and other energy reserves, improve the energy reserve system, and improve the reserve capacity of oil, natural gas and coal. Increase efforts to develop and increase reserves of oil and gas resources, and build a multi-level production, supply, storage and marketing system for local governments, oil companies, gas supply companies, pipeline transportation companies, and urban gas companies. Expand new energy industries such as wind power and photovoltaics, drive upstream and downstream industrial chains, maintain stable supply of new energy, and accelerate the large-scale development of energy storage.

Improve comprehensive energy management policies. Strengthen the construction of supporting policy systems for energy management, optimize industrial policies in the new energy field, guide the development of new energy and support the transformation of energy companies through fiscal and financial policies such as tax exemptions, fiscal subsidies, targeted loans, and preferential interest rates. Promote the transfer of high-energy-carrying industries to areas rich in renewable energy resources, build low-carbon industrial clusters, promote the conversion of new energy into high value-added products nearby, and innovate a new "new energy +" industrial development model. Strengthen supervision of the energy industry, establish a long-term supervision mechanism for information sharing, and maintain fair trading in the energy market. Promote the construction of energy security monitoring and early warning capabilities, improve early warning mechanisms such as coal, oil and gas and power supply and demand, strengthen energy security supply in key areas and key periods, and improve Incident Response Service and emergency rescue and disaster relief capabilities. For key links such as oil and gas resource exploitation, oil processing, energy reserves, logistics and transportation, and power supply, corresponding emergency plans are formulated by industry. Establish a smart energy network, strengthen energy digitalization construction, and promote the deep integration of information technology and green and low-carbon energy industries.

The author is a researcher at the Institute of Rural Development, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences