Ecological answer sheet written among green waters and green mountains

Building a beautiful China is an important goal of comprehensively building a modern socialist country and an important part of realizing the China Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In the 75 years since the founding of New China, my country's ecological and environmental protection undertakings have started from infancy to vigorous development, and the relationship between man and nature has been continuously reshaped and more harmonious.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,XiJinpingThe Party Central Committee with comrades as the core regards the construction of ecological civilization as a fundamental plan related to the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, and has planned and carried out a series of fundamental, long-term, and groundbreaking tasks, promoting the construction of ecological civilization from practice to understanding to historic, turning point and overall changes.

The effectiveness of ecological protection is tangible

178 excellent days-September 23, Beijing handed over its environmental quality "report card" for the first eight months of this year. Based on the increasingly normal "Beijing Blue", the United Nations Environment Program has praised Beijing's air quality improvement results as a "Beijing Miracle".

The changes in Beijing are a microcosm of the changes in my country's air quality. In recent years, my country has achieved remarkable results in air pollution prevention and control, becoming one of the countries with the fastest improvement in air quality in the world.

Blue skies and white clouds have gradually become the norm, green waters and green mountains have become more colorful, and the people's sense of gain and happiness has been significantly enhanced. Data shows that people's satisfaction with the ecological environment has increased from less than 80% in 2017 to more than 91% in 2023.

Looking back at history, in the 75 years since the founding of New China, my country has continuously deepened its understanding of the laws of ecological civilization construction and promoted the harmonious coexistence of man and nature--

my country's environmental protection undertakings began to sprout after the founding of New China.

In 1956, my country established the first nature reserve-Dinghu Mountain Nature Reserve in Zhaoqing, Guangdong.

In 1973, the State Council held the first National Environmental Protection Conference, which incorporated environmental protection and governance into the functions of governments at all levels, thus kicking off the cause of environmental protection in China.

Since the reform and opening up, my country's economic development has made great achievements. At the same time, it has also accumulated a large number of ecological and environmental problems. Various types of environmental pollution have shown a high incidence and have become a problem for people's livelihood and people's hearts for some time.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee has raised the construction of ecological civilization to an unprecedented height and led hundreds of millions of people to declare war on pollution with unprecedented determination and courage.

Fight the battle to defend blue sky, clear water, and pure land with high standards; comprehensively rectify scattered pollution and accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity; the construction of urban sewage pipe networks is rapidly advanced, continuously improving sewage treatment capabilities; clean heating transformation reduces loose coal pollution, and rapid development of renewable energy., all localities vigorously promote the classification of domestic waste, start the construction of "waste-free cities", carry out rural living environment improvement, and achieve the goal of "zero import" of solid waste as scheduled...

Protect the ecological environment like protecting eyes, and treat the ecological environment like life. Unprecedented reform efforts and policy density have significantly improved the quality of my country's ecological environment, and the picture of beautiful China is slowly being paved.

The sky is bluer. In 2023, the average concentration of PM_2.5 in cities at prefecture level and above across the country will be 30 micrograms/cubic meter. Our country has become the country with the fastest improvement in air quality in the world.

The water is clearer. In 2023, the proportion of surface water sections with excellent water quality across the country will reach 89.4%. The main stream of the Yangtze River has steadily reached Class II water quality for four consecutive years and the main stream of the Yellow River has steadily reached Class II water quality for two consecutive years. The proportion of excellent water quality in coastal waters reached 85%, setting a record high.

The soil is cleaner. Soil environmental risks have been effectively controlled. In 2023, the soil environmental conditions of agricultural land will be generally stable, and the safe utilization rate of contaminated cultivated land will reach more than 91%.

The mountains are greener. The national forest coverage rate has reached 24.02%, and about a quarter of the world's new green area since this century has come from China.

The ecological security barrier is stronger. Coordinate and promote the integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand, protect and restore protective forests and natural forests such as the Three North and Yangtze River, return farmland to forest and grassland, mine ecological restoration,"Blue Bay" remediation operations, coastal zone protection and restoration, Bohai Sea comprehensive management battle, mangrove protection and restoration, etc., promote the continuous increase in the area of forests, grasslands, wetlands, rivers, and lakes, and effectively reverse the trend of land desertification. It is the first in the world to achieve "zero growth" in land degradation and "double reduction" in desertified land and desertified land areas.

Among the green waters and green mountains, rare wild animals and plants are full of vitality. By building a scientific and reasonable nature reserve system in my country, 90% of terrestrial ecosystem types and 71% of national key protected wild animal and plant species have been effectively protected.

The picturesque rivers and mountains reflect the solid steps of China's continuous advancement of ecological and environmental protection in the new era. In the new era, China has handed over a brilliant answer sheet written among the green mountains and clear waters, and even more in the hearts of the people.

Build a green development institutional system

In recent years, my country's ecological environment has achieved remarkable results, and the number of flagship species such as giant pandas, Siberian tigers and leopards, and Tibetan antelopes has continued to grow. A large number of rare and endangered wild animals and plants such as desert cats, pallas, and snow leopards in the Qinghai area of Qilian Mountains National Park frequently intrude into the lenses of rangers, local people and photographers.

Promoting the construction of a natural reserve system with national parks as the main body is a major institutional innovation in my country's ecological civilization construction. In 2013, the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed for the first time the establishment of a national park system. Today, from north to south, from plateau to rainforest, my country is building the world's largest national park system.

In the 75 years since the founding of New China, my country has insisted on relying on the system and the rule of law to protect the ecological environment, and has continuously explored a new path of civilization in which man and nature coexist harmoniously-

In 1978,"the State protects the environment and natural resources, prevents and controls pollution and other public hazards" was written into the Constitution, and in 1983, environmental protection was established as a basic national policy.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee has required the strictest system and the strictest rule of law to protect the ecological environment. The ecological civilization legal and institutional system have been continuously improved, and the ecological civilization institutional system has been systematically reshaped.

Ecological civilization has been incorporated into the Party Constitution and Constitution, and the Environmental Protection Law and more than 30 ecological and environmental laws and regulations have been formulated and revised. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued and implemented the "Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Ecological Civilization" and "Overall Plan for the Reform of the Ecological Civilization System", dozens of specific reform plans have been introduced one after another, and the socialist legal system for ecological and environmental protection with Chinese characteristics and the institutional system with the "four beams and eight pillars" nature of ecological civilization have basically taken shape.

To protect green waters and green mountains, we must make the system a rigid constraint and untouchable high-voltage line. Strictly use the system to manage power and govern officials, protect the blue and increase the green. If you have power, you must have responsibilities, if you have responsibilities, you must take responsibility, and if you fail to take responsibility, you must be investigated.

In response to problems such as weak environmental awareness, inadequate performance of duties, and lax enforcement in some places, the Party Central Committee has promoted the establishment of a central ecological and environmental protection inspection system and an ecological civilization construction target evaluation and assessment system, carried out outgoing audits of natural resource assets of leading cadres, and implemented ecological environment damage liability The lifelong accountability system, etc., has gradually made ecological and environmental protection a hard constraint.

Among them, the central ecological and environmental protection inspection, which has been piloted since the end of 2015, is a major institutional innovation and reform measure to consolidate the political responsibility of ecological civilization construction. Some typical ecological and environmental damage problems have been solved one by one.

Delineate ecological protection red lines and strictly protect important ecological spaces. Implement a ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River and unswervingly implement the policy of "jointly focusing on large-scale protection and not engaging in large-scale development." The entry of foreign garbage has been prohibited, achieving the goal of "zero import" of solid waste. Issue the "Ten Articles on Citizens 'Ecological and Environmental Behavior" and establish and improve the national action system.

Rivers, lakes, forests and grasslands have exclusive guardians. The responsibility for the construction of ecological civilization has been comprehensively tightened and consolidated, the institutional system of ecological civilization has become more complete, the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets has gradually become the consensus and action of the whole party and society, and the construction of Beautiful China has taken major steps.

The green content and the gold content have steadily increased

In autumn, the Yangtze River is vast and vast. Zhong County, Chongqing, located in the heart of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, has caused serious damage to the ecological environment along the Yangtze River coastline due to long-term disorderly development.

Today, the citrus forests on both sides of the Yangtze River are lush and a bumper harvest is in sight. "Planting citrus trees will green the green mountains and enrich the people." In 2023, Zhong County will plant 365,000 acres of citrus, achieving a comprehensive output value of 5 billion yuan, and more than 200,000 fruit farmers will increase their income due to citrus. The green butterfly transformation in Zhong County is a vivid example of the great power of the "Two Mountains" concept in practice.

Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. They are not only important development concepts, but also a major principle for promoting modernization.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country's economic development and ecological and environmental protection have become more coordinated, the green development space has been further expanded, and the development of "green content" and "gold content" has achieved double improvement--

Two important documents, the "Opinions on Completely, Accurately and Comprehensively Implementing New Development Concepts and Doing a Good Job in Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutralization" and the "Action Plan for Carbon Peak Before 2030", have been issued one after another, establishing a "1+N" policy system for carbon peak and carbon neutrality.

Continue to promote the optimization and adjustment of industrial structure. A total of 1 billion tons of backward coal production capacity, 300 million tons of steel production capacity, and 400 million tons of cement production capacity have been eliminated; more than 95% of coal-fired power units and more than 45% of crude steel production capacity have been transformed into ultra-low emission, and the world's largest clean power system and clean steel production system have been built. The overall energy consumption per unit of GDP showed a downward trend, with a cumulative decrease of 43.8%, with an average annual decline of 3.1%.

Accelerate the clean and efficient use of energy. The proportion of coal consumption in primary energy consumption dropped from 67.4% 10 years ago to 55.3% last year; clean heating and bulk coal management and transformation of 39 million households in the northern region were completed.

The formation of a green lifestyle is accelerating. As of the end of 2023, the number of new energy vehicles in the country exceeded 20 million, accounting for more than half of the world's total. Our country's new green building area accounts for more than 90% of new buildings. In Jiangsu, green electricity supply for charging piles in all high-speed service areas has been realized;XizangIn Tonglong Village, Nima Township, Nie Rong County, Nagqu City, more than 40 herdsmen households have achieved "zero-carbon heating."

The national carbon emissions trading market opened with a gong. The first compliance cycle included 2162 key emission units in the power generation industry, covering more than 4.5 billion tons of carbon emissions every year, making it the largest carbon market covering greenhouse gas emissions in the world.

Use less disposable tableware, choose more public transportation, practice "Action CD", adhere to garbage classification... Being greener and lower carbon has become the conscious action of the people.

People live up to the green mountains, and the green mountains will surely live up to people. While the quality of the ecological environment has improved significantly, my country's total economic output has jumped from 53.9 trillion yuan in 2012 to more than 126 trillion yuan in 2023, creating a world-renowned ecological miracle and green development miracle.

In September 2020, at the general debate of the 75th United Nations General Assembly,XiJinpingThe Chairman solemnly announced to the world that China will increase its nationally determined contribution and adopt more powerful policies and measures. Carbon dioxide emissions will strive to peak before 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.

This is an inevitable move to promote high-quality development and achieve green transformation. It is also a responsibility to deeply participate in global environmental governance. China has gradually become an important participant, contributor and leader in the construction of global ecological civilization.

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to focus on building a beautiful China, accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, improve the ecological and environmental governance system, promote ecological priority, conservation and intensive, green and low-carbon development, and promote harmonious coexistence between man and nature. An ecological picture with bluer sky, clearer water, greener mountains, and more beautiful scenery is fully spread out and full of spring.

Looking back on the past, you will achieve brilliant achievements; looking to the future, you will have a magnificent journey. Today's China is promoting carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth in a coordinated manner. It is supporting high-quality development with a high-quality ecological environment and accelerating the promotion of China-style modernization in which man and nature coexist harmoniously.