Continue to make efforts in three aspects to promote climate resilience construction at multiple levels

Climate change is a major global issue involving world sustainable development that the international community is paying increasing attention to. As the largest developing country vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, my country's climate change has become an issue that urgently needs attention in the process of building a beautiful China and promoting Chinese-style modernization. Climate resilience construction focuses on the adjustment and optimization of the climate governance system's own structure and functions in the face of uncertainties and unpredictability, interconnection of growth and evolution, long-term latent and cross-border spread of damage consequences, etc. It is to deal with climate change risks. Agility governance, holistic governance and adaptive governance arising from the complexity and evolution. To promote the construction of climate resilience, we must base ourselves on the three major components of the resilience system and continue to make efforts in three aspects: optimizing the resilience of the main structure, deepening the resilience of the governance process, and strengthening the resilience of the normative system.

Optimize the main structure and enhance the robustness of the main structure and its interconnected relationships. Currently, there is more and more evidence that the frequency and intensity of extreme weather and climate events are increasing. For example, extreme high temperatures, heavy precipitation events, droughts and fire weather on land and oceans have affected ecosystems, humans, settlements and infrastructure. It has widespread and widespread impacts. In the future, multiple climate change-related risks faced by ecosystems and humans will further increase. The emergence of new and complex risks and their transmission in various industries and regions will increase the difficulty of responding. The risk level of different regions depends on recent temperature rise levels, vulnerability, exposure, social and economic development levels and different adaptation measures. It can be said that the risks associated with climate change are complex and comprehensive. Therefore, it is necessary to encourage extensive participation by business entities, social organizations and the public, make full use of the functions of business entities to optimize resource allocation and other functions, improve the judicial supervision system of social organizations, enhance the public's awareness of climate risk governance, and use their own actions to implement green and low-carbon concepts in daily life consumption. To this end, on the one hand, it is necessary to promote inter-regional collaborative governance of climate interconnection and improve inter-regional benefit compensation and sharing mechanisms by building an overall collaboration framework that is fair and open, complementary in resources, and flexible in interaction. At the same time, improve the information communication mechanism between governments, smooth communication links, optimize communication procedures, and avoid decision-making errors caused by decision-making entities due to communication anomie and hinder the improvement of governance efficiency. On the other hand, establish regional coordination organizations to mediate conflicts of interest among local governments and ensure the stability of interconnected and collaborative relationships. At the same time, optimize the allocation of rights and responsibilities for vertical governance, clarify the list of rights and responsibilities, promote the sinking of powers and responsibilities, implement the sinking of resources, and ensure that grassroots governments have sufficient human and financial resources.

Deepen the governance process and strengthen the inherent ability of the system to restore dynamic stability before, during and after disasters. Our country has a vast territory, and some areas (mountains, coastal areas, etc.) are highly vulnerable areas. The climate types are complex and diverse, and severe weather such as extreme high temperatures and precipitation occur frequently, seriously threatening people's lives, health, livelihoods, key infrastructure, food and water security. We need to pay full attention to and attach great importance to these key risks, and take measures to minimize the adverse impacts of climate change. First, promote the implementation of parallel strategies to reduce carbon emissions and increase sinks, and proactively respond to climate change. For carbon reduction, it is necessary to control the increase of greenhouse gases from the source, incorporate carbon emission evaluation (hereinafter referred to as "carbon assessment") into environmental impact assessment, establish a carbon assessment working mechanism, systematically improve the carbon assessment indicator system, and consolidate the integration technically. Foundation, and then achieve the coordinated and co-governance goal of reducing pollution and carbon. For increasing foreign exchange, it is necessary to improve the overall level of carbon sequestration and increase foreign exchange and reduce greenhouse gas stocks. At the same time, regular surveys and monitoring of ecosystem carbon pools are carried out, and a unified evaluation indicator system is established to scientifically assess carbon reserves and carbon sequestration capabilities. In addition, it is necessary to increase the implementation of ecological environment restoration and incorporate carbon sequestration benefits into the target requirements and standard system of integrated protection and restoration projects of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand. Secondly, strengthen the construction of resilience before, during and after disasters to improve climate adaptability. To ensure the resilience of pre-disaster prevention, improve the climate change monitoring and evaluation system; to ensure the resilience of disaster response, establish a disaster emergency response mechanism that connects multiple departments and responds to the whole society; to ensure the resilience of post-disaster recovery, actively develop climate insurance and promote Climate investment and financing systems, establish climate compensation funds, and improve fund raising mechanisms. In addition, it is necessary to establish and improve climate resilience standards and conduct feasibility demonstrations as a necessary condition for major planning and project approval.

Strengthen the normative system, improve the allocation of climate legal systems, and pay attention to the connection and coordination of relevant domestic and foreign laws. Achieving the "double carbon" goal is an arduous task facing my country in its new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country. It involves all aspects of the national economy such as energy transformation, industrial upgrading, and resource recycling. It is necessary to fully utilize and learn from the law on air pollution prevention and control. On the basis of experience, we will vigorously promote various institutional innovations and implement them through legislation as soon as possible. In particular, we should start from the aspects of promoting specialized legislation and improving relevant legislation. To better guide and standardize the actions of the whole society is also of great significance for demonstrating my country's image as a positive and responsible country. First, further improve the domestic legal system for addressing climate change. Adhere to the coordination and unification of policies and laws, and fully implement the arrangements and arrangements for improving laws and regulations in the "Opinions on Completely, Accurately and Comprehensively Implementing New Development Concepts and Doing a Good Job in Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutralization". At the same time, we will speed up the formulation and promulgation of climate change laws to provide a strong basis and legal guarantee for responding to climate change, and promote the orderly development of climate governance work. During the entire process of formulation and promulgation, we actively learn from local legislative experience to achieve the coordinated development of national and local laws and regulations on climate change, focus on the mutual coordination of climate change laws and environmental codes and related legislation, enhance the synergy of the legal system, and break the current situation of goals being separated and norms being dispersed. Second, accelerate the application of cutting-edge technologies in climate governance. With the help of various big data technologies, resilience construction can fully tap and integrate various structured and unstructured data in social security emergency response, disaster management, etc., gradually change the previous decision-making and management model based on "experience", and achieve Use "data" to speak, improve emergency management capabilities and decision-making and disposal levels at the legal system level, and achieve complementarity and mutual promotion with smart city construction. To this end, we must vigorously develop cutting-edge technologies such as big data, cloud computing, blockchain, artificial intelligence and 5G, accelerate the construction of digital infrastructure, actively explore the construction of intelligent public service platforms, and accelerate their application in climate governance. Finally, promote the effective connection between domestic rules and international rules for climate governance. In the process of participating in global governance to address climate change, we have always followed the principle of "building a community with a shared future for mankind" and advocated the "principle of common but differentiated responsibilities", sought developing countries to assume appropriate emission reduction obligations, and urged developed countries to fulfill their funding obligations. At the same time, we will firmly safeguard multilateralism, strengthen green development cooperation with relevant countries through channels such as the "Belt and Road","South-South Cooperation" and "China-South Cooperation", and promote the establishment of an international cooperation mechanism focusing on climate governance and interest protection of developing countries.