Moving towards green and new, the construction of a new energy system is accelerated
Energy, the food of industry, the lifeblood of the national economy, is the main battlefield for promoting carbon peak and carbon neutrality.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Accelerating the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system is the main direction of my country's energy revolution."
In the 75 years since the founding of New China, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country's energy supply capacity has been continuously improved, forming a multi-wheel drive diversified supply system of coal, oil, gas, nuclear, new energy and renewable energy, becoming the world's largest energy producer. At the same time, the energy structure continues to be optimized and improved, and the construction of a new energy system is accelerated, providing dynamic support for economic and social development.
"One decrease and one increase" confirms the changes: the proportion of raw coal in total primary energy production has dropped from 96.3% in the early days of the founding of New China to 66.6% in 2023; clean energy power generation has increased from 44.6 billion kilowatt-hours in 1978 to 3.2 trillion kilowatt-hours in 2023, and for every 3 kilowatt-hours of electricity consumed by the whole society, 1 kilowatt-hour is green electricity.
A piece of coal covered with treasure--
clean and efficient utilization of fossil energy
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "the development of the coal industry must be transformed and upgraded, and follow the path of green and low-carbon development" and "promote the high-end, diversified and low-carbon development of the coal chemical industry."
When you walk into Yulin Chemical Co., Ltd. of National Energy Group, you will find towers and tanks, and pipelines. Pieces of coal are processed into polyglycolic acid degradable materials. It can not only be made into disposable knives, forks, plastic bags and other daily necessities, but also be used in medical high-end fields such as surgical sutures and bone scaffold materials.
"Bone screws made of polyglycolic acid are implanted into the human body and can gradually degrade, solving the problem that traditional materials need to be removed twice." Yang Xuechao, a scientific research management engineer at Yulin Chemical Industry, said that compared with the production of traditional polyolefin plastics, the coal consumption of raw material per ton of coal-based polyglycolic acid products can be reduced by about 50%, carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by about 65%, and the industrial added value can be increased by 2 to 3 times. However, the production cost is close, and it has both market competitiveness and environmental protection benefits.
The "Wujin" butterfly transformation is also staged in rural greenhouses. "In the past, open steel tanks were used to store water. Moss would grow over time, and the water would easily deteriorate. The newly replaced black water storage tank is very easy to use." Ma Bao, a greenhouse grower in Kangping Village, Weiyuan Town, Shuozhou, Shanxi Province, said. Chen Xuelian, general manager of Kehuan Guoneng New Materials Co., Ltd., introduced that the water storage tank produced by the company using coal-based crosslinked polyethylene has the advantages of easy weight handling, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and inhibition of moss growth.
Comfortable polyurethane fabric, new kitchen fuel with high flash point, non-toxic and odorless,"extremely cold diesel" that can still be used normally at minus 20 degrees Celsius... Jumping out of the traditional path of "digging coal-selling coal", the National Energy Group launched More high-value-added and differentiated products have enabled coal to achieve "seventy-two changes".
Anchoring the green and low-carbon direction, new steps have been taken in the high-quality development of the coal industry.
Mining is greener. Green mining technologies such as water-retaining mining, filling mining, and recovery while mining continue to expand. In the past 10 years, the national raw coal washing rate, comprehensive utilization rate of mine water, and land reclamation rate have all increased by more than 10 percentage points.
Use more efficiently. Over the past 10 years, more than 95% of coal-fired power units have achieved ultra-low emissions, and pollutant emissions in the power industry have been reduced by more than 90%. In some coal-fired power plants, the captured carbon dioxide can also be used for welding processing, food preservation, etc.
Not just coal. There are still many explorations for clean and efficient use of energy: cooking waste oil left over from hot pot and fried chicken becomes aviation fuel for domestic large aircraft; sludge collected from sewers and sewage treatment plants is dried and mixed with coal to generate electricity... Relying on technological innovation, waste is utilized as resources, and energy supply is more diversified and cleaner.
A power station for desertification control and greening--
Renewable energy substitution is advancing steadily
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Energy construction cannot rely solely on traditional industries. We must vigorously develop new energy and clean energy, strive to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality, and build a green China."
On the edge of the Ulan Buhe Desert, more than 700,000 photovoltaic panels are arranged in an orderly manner in a photovoltaic power station covering an area of 8000 acres. Electricity is generated on the boards, and sand prevention plants such as alfalfa and Artemisia japonica are planted between the boards.
"Photovoltaic panels can reduce wind speeds and reduce water evaporation, making them suitable for plant growth. We have planted sand-prevention plants and a 100-meter-wide protective forest, and the vegetation coverage rate in the site has increased from 7% to about 80%." Anderson, deputy director of the Dengkou Photovoltaic Power Station of State Power Investment Corporation Beijing Company, said that while desertification control and greening are increased, the dust on photovoltaic panels is reduced, which can improve power generation efficiency.
Since 2020, Dengkou County, Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia has introduced more than 10 photovoltaic companies. After all photovoltaic installed capacity is completed, it can complete ecological management of 350,000 acres, with an average annual increase of more than 23 billion kilowatt-hours.
my country is rich in wind and solar energy resources. From the sea to the land, from plains to plateaus, from building roofs to fields, wind turbines rotate in the wind and photovoltaic panels shine brightly. New "photovoltaic +" models such as complementary agriculture and light, complementary fishing and light, and complementary animal husbandry and light continue to be promoted: Southeast Coast, the first ultra-large single-unit capacity offshore wind farm-Three Gorges Group Zhangpu Phase II Offshore Wind Farm is connected to the grid for power generation. For the first time, 6 16-megawatt wind turbines have been used in batches, which can reduce the sea area by about 30% compared with 8-megawatt wind turbines; On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the second phase of Huadian Xizang Caipeng Optical Storage Station started construction, with an altitude of more than 5220 meters, setting a new record for the height of the global optical storage station...
As of the end of 2023, the installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power generation in my country has increased 10 times compared with 10 years ago, and the new clean energy power generation accounts for more than half of the increase in electricity consumption in the whole society. In 2024, the installed capacity of new energy power generation will exceed that of coal power for the first time, achieving a historic leap.
The installed capacity continues to grow, the market competitiveness of new energy products is also greatly improved, and the R & D design and integrated manufacturing system are more complete.
"Things are more beautiful." The conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cell technologies such as high-efficiency crystalline silicon and perovskite has repeatedly set world records, and wind power technologies such as long blades and high towers are at the international leading level.
"The price is better." A report from the International Renewable Energy Agency shows that in the past 10 years, the average electricity costs of global wind power and photovoltaic power generation projects have dropped by more than 60% and 80% respectively, a large part of which is due to the contribution of China.
"Relying on continuous technological innovation, complete industrial chain supply chain system, sufficient market competition, and ultra-large-scale market, China has achieved rapid development of the new energy industry and has also promoted a significant decline in global wind power and photovoltaic power generation costs." The relevant person in charge of the National Energy Administration said.
A heavy truck using hydrogen energy--
Technological innovation promotes energy transformation
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "promote major breakthroughs in green and low-carbon technologies" and "develop efficient and safe energy storage and carbon capture technologies, and promote the development and large-scale application of hydrogen energy technology."
"You can travel about 600 kilometers on top of hydrogen. The battery life is longer than that of electric heavy trucks. It is suitable for long-distance running. The driving experience is relatively smooth and has low noise." At China Petrochemical's Beijing Angu Hydrogen Refueling Station, the driver, Master Shang, filled a heavy truck with a load of 49 tons with hydrogen in just ten minutes. In April this year, my country's longest hydrogen energy highway, the Beijing-Shanghai Hydrogen Energy Corridor, completed its thousand-mile cross-regional transportation test for the first time.
Hydrogen fuel cell systems are a key link in the application of hydrogen energy heavy trucks. With breakthroughs in key core technologies, the cost of hydrogen fuel cell systems has been reduced from approximately 15,000 yuan per kilowatt before 2020 to two to three thousand yuan per kilowatt, helping the popularization of hydrogen energy vehicle market applications.
While the development of hydrogen energy technology is accelerating, the large-scale application of advanced energy storage technology is also continuing to advance, helping to balance power grid supply and demand.
Walking into Zhejiang Zhefeng New Materials Co., Ltd., the energy storage battery cabinets are neatly arranged. This single-user-side lead-carbon energy storage power station is equivalent to a "charging treasure". It charges during trough periods and discharges during peak periods. By taking advantage of peak-valley price differences, it can help companies save electricity bills by about 60 million yuan every year. "Lead-carbon energy storage has the advantages of large specific heat capacity and rapid cooling, which can more effectively control battery temperature and is highly safe." Hua Xiao, deputy director of the Science and Technology Digitalization Department of State Grid Quzhou Power Supply Company, introduced.
In Foshan, Guangdong, the independent battery energy storage station on the Baotang power grid side of China Southern Power Grid focuses on three major areas: thermal management, structural connection, and battery performance. Multiple energy storage technology routes compete for the large-scale development of new energy storage. Select the best solution. In 2023, the newly installed capacity of new energy storage in my country will be approximately 22.6 million kilowatts/48.7 million kilowatt hours, which is nearly 10 times that of the installed capacity at the end of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan".
Focus on innovation and seize the opportunity. Comprehensively master the fourth-generation nuclear power technology of large-scale third-generation pressurized water reactors such as "Hualong-1" and "Guohe-1" and other large-scale third-generation pressurized water reactor and high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, the "Linglong-1" small pressurized water reactor demonstration project has started construction, and the technical level of smart grid is at the forefront of the world... In the new era, China is accelerating the promotion of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance in the energy field, and energy technology and related industries have become new economic growth points.
Energy transformation is an extensive and profound economic and social systemic change and a long-term strategic task. "The energy system will continue to build a solid foundation for safe carbon reduction, increase the supply of non-fossil energy, promote energy conservation and carbon reduction on the consumer side, strengthen green and low-carbon technology innovation and international cooperation, and promote low-carbon energy transformation and high-quality development." The relevant person in charge of the National Energy Administration said.
