Exclusive interpretation! The main ideas and main tasks for accelerating the improvement of the ecological and environmental governance system| Study and implement the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sounded a new clarion call to comprehensively deepen reforms, accelerate Chinese-style modernization and build a beautiful China, demonstrating the Party Central Committee's great importance and firm determination to the construction of ecological civilization. The "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reforms and Promoting Chinese-Style Modernization"(hereinafter referred to as the "Decision") adopted by the meeting clearly pointed out that "improving the ecological and environmental governance system" is a key task in deepening the reform of the ecological civilization system and provides a basis for my country's ecological and environmental governance. The improvement and development of the system provide fundamental guidelines and action guidelines. In the grand blueprint of Chinese-style modernization, improving and improving the ecological and environmental governance system is not only an indispensable and important part, but also the key to building a beautiful China where man and nature coexist harmoniously. Accelerating the improvement of the ecological and environmental governance system is of great importance. Practical significance and far-reaching historical significance.

Significant progress has been made in the construction of the ecological and environmental governance system

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee has attached great importance to building and improving a modern environmental governance system. In February 2020, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the CPC Central Committee issued the "Guiding Opinions on Building a Modern Environmental Governance System", focusing on the construction of supervision, market, laws and policies and other systems, and accelerating by focusing on major institutional and policy innovations and the construction of important platforms. Promote the construction of a modern environmental governance system and achieve remarkable results.

First, the environmental governance responsibility system of the party committee and government is stronger and more powerful. The responsibilities of management departments have been comprehensively strengthened and clarified. The General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council have issued the "List of Ecological and Environmental Protection Responsibilities of Relevant Departments of Central and State Agencies", and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and other departments have jointly issued opinions on promoting functional departments to do a good job in ecological and environmental protection. At the same time, three indicators, including air quality, water environment quality and climate change response, have been included in the Outline of the "14th Five-Year Plan" as binding indicators, and measures have been formulated to assess the effectiveness of provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) in the fight against pollution. Ecological and environmental protection inspections have been comprehensively deepened. 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps have issued implementation measures and supporting management documents for ecological and environmental protection inspections in their respective regions. The joint efforts of central and provincial inspections have been continuously strengthened. Environmental protection credit evaluation has been steadily advanced. The construction of the national credit information sharing platform has connected 46 departments and 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), extensively collecting and sharing various types of credit information, and established a "Credit China" website to promote administrative licensing and administrative Punishment information was publicized online within 7 working days, realizing "one-stop" query of various credit information. In addition, ecological environment departments in many provinces, cities and counties across the country have carried out enterprise environmental protection credit evaluations, and a total of more than 30,000 enterprises have been evaluated.

Second, the main responsibilities of enterprises for environmental pollution control have been consolidated. The emission permit management system has been established and improved. The State Council has promulgated the "Regulations on the Management of Emission Permits". The Ministry of Ecology and Environment has issued a number of technical specifications for the application and issuance of emission permits and technical guidelines for self-monitoring, achieving full coverage of emission permit management for fixed pollution sources. The reform of law enforcement and supervision has deepened, comprehensively promoted the reform of the vertical management system for monitoring, supervision and law enforcement of ecological and environmental institutions below the provincial level and the reform of comprehensive administrative law enforcement for ecological and environmental protection, and established and improved cross-regional and cross-basin environmental supervision and law enforcement systems and mechanisms. At the same time, it has actively promoted the construction of a national monitoring network system for the atmosphere, water, soil, ocean, etc., and issued the "Regulations on the Management of Compensation for Ecological and Environmental Damage", fully implementing the responsibility of enterprises for the restoration and management of ecological and environmental damage. The environmental information disclosure system has been basically established, and a number of relevant reform plans and management measures have been issued. In 2022, a total of more than 80,000 companies will disclose environmental information in accordance with the law.

Third, market means play an important role in the optimal allocation of ecological and environmental resources. The world's largest carbon market has been built and put into operation, and a national voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading market has been launched. At the same time, emissions trading pilots have been carried out in many provinces, guidance and green finance standards have been issued to support local development of green and low-carbon industries, etc., a reserve bank for ecological and environmental protection financial support projects has been established and put into operation, and a financial institution for pushing warehousing projects has been established. Mechanism has promoted warehousing ecological and environmental protection projects to obtain a large amount of credit amounts and loans. Cooperated with the People's Bank of China to establish carbon emission reduction support tools and carried out climate investment and financing pilots in multiple places.

Fourth, the ecological environment laws, regulations and policy guarantee system is more complete. Environmental protection laws and regulations have been improved, many relevant laws and regulations have been formulated and revised, and inspections on the enforcement of ecological and environmental protection laws have been continuously carried out. At the same time, a number of ecological and environmental standard management methods and working rules have been revised and issued, a directory of advanced technologies for pollution prevention and control has been issued, and advanced technologies have been actively promoted.

Fifth, the level of ecological environment and social governance has been rapidly improving. Channels for national participation have been unblocked, the national ecological environment petition, complaint and reporting management platform has been optimized, and the role of various social groups has been actively played. We have comprehensively promoted publicity and guidance activities such as the "Beautiful China, I am the Activist" action plan to enhance citizens 'awareness of ecological civilization.

Main ideas for accelerating the improvement of the ecological and environmental governance system

Improving the ecological and environmental governance system, as an important part of comprehensively deepening reforms, is implemented and promoted closely around the overall goal of Chinese-style modernization and modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities. It is not only for the implementation of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on green development, pollution prevention, Strategies such as ecosystem protection and carbon peak and carbon neutrality provide institutional and institutional guarantees, and are also institutional support for building a beautiful China.

The "Decision" makes new arrangements for accelerating the construction of a modern environmental governance system, emphasizing strengthening unified supervision and capacity building of the ecological environment from multiple aspects such as systematic coordination, comprehensive regulation, coordinated governance, and spatial management and control of institutional reform. At the same time, we should pay attention to the basic role of market economic policies in regulating the ecological and environmental behavior of economic entities, and attach importance to the construction of long-term incentive policy mechanisms to form a dynamic mechanism and institutional environment for green production, life and consumption. Policy regulation focuses on differentiation, refinement and scientificity to adapt to the new needs of ecological and environmental protection. The first is to build a multi-level, multi-dimensional, and three-dimensional governance system to form a top-down governance level, covering multiple dimensions such as administrative supervision, market mechanisms, laws and regulations, and public participation, and forming a multi-subject governance synergy; the second is to build a new paradigm of coordinated ecological and environmental governance that highlights regional differentiation, establishes a governance consortium across administrative divisions, and implements differentiated governance strategies; The third is to strengthen capacity building such as marketization and informatization in ecological and environmental governance, deepen the reform of the environmental information disclosure system, build an environmental credit supervision system, establish a value realization mechanism for ecological products, and promote ecological compensation mechanisms. Through systematic coordination, comprehensive optimization and key breakthroughs, we will further promote the realization of the Chinese-style modernization goal of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and significantly improve the level of refinement, scientificity, legalization and synergy of my country's ecological and environmental governance.

The main tasks of accelerating the improvement of the ecological and environmental governance system

The "Decision" puts forward a series of clear and specific tasks in improving the ecological and environmental governance system from the fields of responsibility system, supervision system, market system, laws, regulations and policy system, and builds a more systematic, complete, efficient and coordinated governance system and capabilities., promote the construction of my country's ecological civilization to a new level.

The first is to improve the responsibility system for ecological and environmental governance. The government is required to serve as the leading force, clarify and strengthen its core responsibilities in ecological and environmental protection, incorporate ecological and environmental protection into the overall strategy of national development, and ensure that it resonates with and promotes each other with economic and social development. By establishing and improving the ecological and environmental protection target responsibility system and assessment and evaluation system, a good situation of linkage between upper and lower levels and joint management will be formed.

The second is to strengthen the ecological environment supervision system. Take the fixed pollution source supervision system with the emission permit system as the core as a breakthrough, strengthen comprehensive supervision of various pollution sources, and achieve real-time monitoring and early warning of environmental pollution sources. Increase environmental law enforcement and improve the efficiency of environmental law enforcement. At the same time, establish a cross-departmental and cross-regional environmental governance coordination mechanism to jointly respond to environmental pollution problems. Promote enterprises to effectively fulfill their ecological and environmental protection responsibilities, establish and improve internal environmental management mechanisms, and ensure that various environmental protection measures are effectively implemented.

The third is to improve the ecological environment market system. Promote the manifestation and realization of the value of ecological products through market-oriented means, and encourage more entities to participate in ecological and environmental protection. Deepen the reform of the paid use system of natural resources and improve the price formation mechanism of natural resources. Promote the construction of comprehensive ecological compensation and horizontal ecological protection compensation mechanisms, and use market mechanisms to adjust the ecological and environmental interest relationships between different regions.

The fourth is to improve the ecological environment laws, regulations and policy system. Continue to strengthen legislative work in the field of ecological environment, further promote legislative work on climate change, biodiversity protection, etc., strengthen ecological environment law enforcement and judicial protection, and ensure that various laws and regulations are effectively implemented and complied with. At the same time, strengthen the formulation and implementation of ecological and environmental policies and promote the continuous and in-depth development of ecological and environmental protection work.

The fifth is to strengthen the ecological environment and social governance system. By strengthening the construction of environmental information disclosure and public participation mechanisms, all sectors of society are encouraged to actively participate in ecological and environmental protection. Deepen the reform of the legal disclosure system for environmental information, build an environmental credit supervision system, improve the transparency of environmental information, and protect the public's environmental rights and interests. At the same time, we will broaden the channels and methods of public participation and encourage the public to participate in environmental supervision, environmental publicity and other activities.

Sixth, actively participate in and lead the global environmental governance system. By strengthening cooperation and exchanges with the international community, we will jointly respond to global environmental challenges including climate change. Actively participate in and promote the construction of a global environmental governance system, strengthen exchanges and cooperation with the international community in environmental protection technology, funds, talents, etc., and enhance my country's voice and influence in international environmental affairs.

The seventh is to continue to improve the modernization level of ecological and environmental governance capabilities. Increase the research and development and application of advanced monitoring, early warning, and governance technologies and equipment, and continuously improve the accuracy and scientificity of ecological and environmental governance. Promote the transformation and application promotion of ecological and environmental scientific and technological achievements, and provide strong scientific and technological support for ecological and environmental protection. At the same time, we will promote the digital transformation of ecological and environmental governance, use advanced technologies to optimize governance processes, improve governance efficiency, and reduce governance costs. Build a market-oriented green technology innovation system and expand the path of ecological and environmental governance through technological innovation.

Author's unit: Enterprise Green Governance Research Center, Environmental Planning Institute, Ministry of Ecology and Environment