The 2024 National People's Congress and the National People's Congress are being held. Yuan Liang, deputy to the National People's Congress, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and president of Anhui University of Science and Technology, brought suggestions on building a governance system of "difference peaking and synergy neutralization" under the "double carbon" goal.
Yuan Liang, deputy to the National People's Congress, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and president of Anhui University of Science and Technology. Photo courtesy of the interviewee
Academician Yuan Liang said that carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is a complex system project, and the high-quality development of China's "dual carbon" should not only ensure energy security, but also support the new development pattern. To achieve the "dual carbon" goal, it is necessary to make concerted efforts from multiple ports of energy, industry, economy and society, and deal with the relationship between overall and partial, long-term and short-term, development and emission reduction.
Academician Yuan Liang believes that at present, the contradiction between carbon neutrality "a game of chess" and regional diversity of energy is prominent, and the reverse distribution characteristics of energy production and consumption are obvious, the coal production of Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Anhui and other provinces ranks among the top in the country, while Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong and other provinces have a high consumption of coal and its industrial products, the central and eastern regions are the main energy consumption areas, and the western region is the main energy base. In the process of achieving the "double carbon" goal, it is necessary to take into account fairness and efficiency, and it is a major problem to realize "various regions, fields, and industries according to local conditions and classified policies" in the context of "a game of chess for the whole country".
At present, the capacity of "dual carbon" modern governance is still insufficient, and the relevant institutional mechanisms and local policies are still unable to keep up with the pace of energy transformation and reform in the context of "dual carbon". Therefore, it is of great significance to adhere to the "30·60" goal and build a governance system of "peak difference and synergy and neutralization" for the construction of a beautiful China and the cultivation of new quality productivity.
Therefore, Academician Yuan Liang suggested: 1. Coordinate the regional energy imbalance and build a spatial collaborative governance system. It is suggested that relevant departments should comprehensively study and judge the differences in energy production and consumption and carbon emission reduction potential across the country, and divide the national regions into energy production areas, energy application areas, and new energy coupling areas on the basis of adhering to the "national game of chess", and formulate differentiated peak time and environmental policies. 2. Take into account the inconsistency of the peak time and build a chain collaborative governance system. It is suggested that relevant departments should build a carbon emission responsibility mechanism for energy production, consumption and carbon sequestration, incorporate emission responsibilities and economic efficiency in different fields and industries into the carbon quota allocation mechanism, and establish a "carbon emission reduction index" allocation mechanism and carbon trading mechanism. 3. Cover the diversity of elements and scenarios, and build a collaborative governance system for subjects. It is suggested that relevant departments should establish and improve a multi-subject collaborative governance mechanism led by the government, with the participation of enterprises and society, jointly carry out the top-level design and detailed planning of the "dual carbon" strategy, and develop demonstration engineering bases such as clean and efficient utilization of coal, full concentration utilization of methane, and CCUS.