An ecological answer sheet written among green waters and green mountains--A summary of the achievements of ecological civilization system reform since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee

Faced with the people's yearning for a better life, how to answer the must-answer questions of the era of ecological civilization construction?

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has vigorously promoted theoretical innovation, practical innovation, and institutional innovation of ecological civilization, and proposed a series of new concepts, new ideas and new strategies, forming Xi Jinping's Thought on Ecological Civilization, providing a fundamental basis for ecological civilization construction in the new era.

Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the reform of the ecological civilization system has been comprehensively deepened and advanced in depth, strengthening ecological and environmental protection in all aspects, regions and processes. The ecological civilization system has become more complete, and green, circular and low-carbon development has taken solid steps. An ecological answer sheet with bluer skies, clearer waters, and more beautiful mountains is spread across the vast land of China.

Reform efforts will be made to promote the continuous improvement of ecological environment quality with tough actions

Not long ago, a ultra-long-distance "photo" of the Great Wall and "China Zun" was posted on Social networks. In the foreground is the Jiuyanlou Great Wall located in Sihai Town, Yanqing District, Beijing City; in the distance is "China Zun", one of Beijing's landmark buildings located in Chaoyang District.

People still remember that 10 years ago, the 22nd APEC Leaders 'Informal Meeting was held in Beijing. During the conference, Beijing, which is often shrouded in smog in autumn and winter, welcomed clear and beautiful blue skies.

"The weather was very good in those days. Someone asked at that time, this is 'APEC blue', will it last? I replied to them, this is not a temporary blue sky, it will be a permanent blue sky in a few years." During this year's National Two Sessions, General Secretary Xi Jinping spoke firmly about this detail of the year.

From "APEC Blue" to long-term "Beijing Blue" is a landmark achievement of my country's reform efforts to promote the battle against pollution in the new era.

The construction of ecological civilization is a fundamental plan related to the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that if ecology is prosperous, civilization will prosper, and if ecology declines, civilization will decline.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has regarded the construction of ecological civilization as an important part of coordinating the overall layout of the "Five-in-One" and coordinating the promotion of the "Four Comprehensives" strategic layout. Two programmatic documents, the "Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Ecological Civilization" and the "Overall Plan for the Reform of the Ecological Civilization System", were issued, building the "four beams and eight pillars" for the reform of the ecological civilization system and making comprehensive and systematic deployment arrangements for the construction of ecological civilization. The Party Central Committee has led hundreds of millions of people to declare war on pollution and continue to improve the quality of the ecological environment.

The Yangtze River is the mother river of the Chinese nation and an important support for the development of the Chinese nation.

Faced with the severe ecological and environmental situation of the Yangtze River, General Secretary Xi Jinping once sadly described the mother river as "sick, very sick."

In January 2016, a symposium on promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was held in Chongqing, which clearly established the rules: "Work together to protect and not engage in large-scale development."

In the past eight years, the General Secretary has held four symposiums on the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and his concern for the mother river has been consistent.

Chemical enterprises along the river have been relocated, the construction of sewage pipe networks has been accelerated, the traceability and rectification of sewage outlets into rivers has been traced, and the "ten-year fishing ban" has been solidly promoted... each reform measure has prescribed the right medicine and implemented systematically.

Today, the mother river has "just recovered from a serious illness" and its "green content" is getting higher and higher. The water quality of the entire main stream of the Yangtze River has remained stable at Class II and is gradually regaining vitality.

It's not just the Yangtze River that has changed. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, a series of focused, vigorous and effective environmental rectification actions have continued to be exerted--

In June 2018, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening Ecological and Environmental Protection and Resolutely Fighting the Battle of Pollution Prevention and Control"; in November 2021, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the "Opinions on Deepening the Battle of Pollution Prevention and Control", from "Resolutely" to "in-depth", adhere to high standards and fight the battle to defend blue sky, clear water, and pure land.

In order to maintain the blue sky forever, since 2013, three "Ten Atmosphere" documents have been issued one after another, playing a "combination punch" of the rule of law, market, science and technology, and policy-giving full play to the guiding role of finance, and the central government's air pollution prevention and control funds have been issued. More than 200 billion yuan; the implementation of desulfurization, denitrification, dust removal electricity prices and ultra-low emission electricity prices policies, my country has become the world's largest clean coal-fired power generation base; preferential tax policies strongly support enterprises to carry out ultra-low emission transformation.

For the long-term flow of clear water, the river chief system and the lake chief system have been fully established. Many rivers and lakes have transformed from "no one manages" to "managed" and from "unable to manage" to "managed well", promoting the solution of a number of river and lake management and protection problems, and the conditions of rivers and lakes have gradually improved.

To make our homes more beautiful, various localities have vigorously promoted the classification of domestic waste, launched the construction of "waste-free cities", and carried out the improvement of rural living environments. Our country has achieved the goal of "zero import" of solid waste as scheduled.

One reform measure after another has brought together a strong synergy to continue to tackle difficulties and promote the continuous improvement of the quality of the ecological environment--

The sky is bluer, the number of days with heavy pollution has dropped significantly, blue skies and white clouds have become the norm, and our country has become the country with the fastest improvement in air quality in the world;

The water is clearer, the appearance of rivers and lakes has been fundamentally improved, and the proportion of surface water sections with good water quality is close to the level of developed countries;

The soil is cleaner, soil environmental risks are effectively controlled, and more and more green is illuminating the mountains, rivers and land of the motherland.

Today, the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets has gradually become the consensus and action of the whole party and society. The reform of my country's ecological civilization system has accelerated, ecological and environmental protection has undergone historic, turning point, and overall changes, and the construction of a beautiful China has taken major steps.

Institutional escort and strengthen ecological protection and restoration supervision through symbiosis

Every May, the annual migration and childbirth season of the "Plateau Elf" Tibetan antelope begins. In the Hoh Xil area of Sanjiangyuan National Park, there is often such a harmonious and moving picture of passing vehicles parked far away and taking the initiative to give way to Tibetan antelopes passing through the Qinghai-Tibet Highway.

At present, the Tibetan antelope population here has recovered from less than 20,000 in the late 1980s to more than 70,000.

During his recent inspection in Qinghai, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized the need to strengthen the construction of a nature reserve system with national parks as the main body and create a model of nature reserves with national representation and world influence.

Promoting the construction of a natural reserve system with national parks as the main body is an important deployment made by General Secretary Xi Jinping. From the first proposal to establish a national park system at the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 2013, to the continuous launch of national park system pilots in 2015, and then to the formal establishment of the first batch of five national parks in 2021, my country has now introduced a spatial layout plan., the world's largest national park system is being built.

The first batch of national parks have handed over an eye-catching "report card": Sanjiangyuan National Park has achieved overall protection of the sources of the Yangtze River, Yellow River, and Lancang River; Giant Panda National Park has opened up ecological corridors and protected more than 70% of wild animals. Giant pandas; Wuyishan National Park has newly discovered many new species such as the Rain God Horned Toad...

Protect green waters and green mountains, reform insists on respecting nature, complying with nature, protecting nature, and protecting nature, and protecting nature and the ecological environment like protecting eyes.

At the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping creatively proposed the concept of "mountains, rivers, forests, fields and lakes are a community of life", and since then he has included the important ecosystem of "grass" into it.

During the 2021 National Two Sessions, when participating in the deliberation of the Inner Mongolia delegation, General Secretary Xi Jinping said: "To coordinate the management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand systems, the word 'sand' must be added here."

"How to manipulate mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand requires top-level design and comprehensive management. This is a systematic project that requires long-term work." General Secretary Xi Jinping said.

To protect the ecological environment, we must grasp the word "overall planning". "Overall planning" points out the overall thinking and direction of efforts for the reform of the ecological civilization system. A series of reform measures to coordinate ecological protection and restoration are reshaping the boundary between man and nature.

Our country has comprehensively delineated "three districts and three lines", gradually formed a "one map" for the development and protection of national land space, and accelerated the construction of a land space pattern with intensive and efficient production space, moderately livable living space, and beautiful ecological space.

Our country has also creatively proposed an ecological protection red line system to include areas with extremely important ecological functions, extremely fragile ecology, and potentially important ecological value into the ecological protection red line to achieve a red line to control important ecological spaces. As of now, the land ecological protection red line area accounts for more than 30% of the land area.

Protect the green waters and green mountains, insist on using the system to control power and govern officials, protect the blue and increase the green, and make the system a rigid constraint and untouchable high-voltage line.

The key to whether ecological and environmental protection can be implemented lies in leading cadres and fundamentally in institutional guarantees.

In response to problems such as weak environmental awareness, inadequate performance of duties, and lax enforcement in some places, the Party Central Committee has promoted the establishment of a central ecological and environmental protection inspection system and an ecological civilization construction target evaluation and assessment system, carried out outgoing audits of natural resource assets of leading cadres, and implemented ecological environment damage liability The lifelong accountability system, etc., has gradually made ecological and environmental protection a hard constraint.

The ecological destruction of the Qilian Mountains, the illegal and illegal construction of golf courses and villas in the Changbai Mountain International Resort, the illegal reclamation of the sea for development in some places in Hainan, and the over-development of Changyao Mountain in Dianchi Lake... These typical ecological and environmental damage problems have been solved one by one, relying on the central government. The ecological environment protection inspection system is the "sword".

Adhere to problem-oriented, expose typical cases, accurately and effectively hold accountable, and form a closed-loop rectification... The central ecological and environmental protection inspector dares to be serious, is not afraid of offending people, and does not relax in biting problems, which has become a tough move to promote the implementation of ecological and environmental protection responsibilities.

In recent years, a series of institutional measures have effectively protected it. my country has strived to improve the diversity, stability and sustainability of the ecosystem. The integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand have achieved remarkable results, leaving an ecological space with beautiful mountains and clear waters for future generations.

Transformation and development, using methods to strengthen the green background of high-quality development

In summer, the snow in the mountains and forests melts. With the arrival of batches of tourists, the Daxinganling forest area in Inner Mongolia ushered in the busiest season of the year.

On the afternoon of March 5, 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping came to the East Hall of the Great Hall of the People to participate in the deliberation of the Inner Mongolia delegation. Representatives of the National People's Congress from forest areas reported to the General Secretary on the transformation and development of forest areas. Forestry workers have changed from "tree cutters" to "tree keepers". In 2018, the total value of forest and wetland ecosystem service functions in forest areas reached 615.974 billion yuan.

General Secretary Xi Jinping said: "The total ecological value you mentioned is the concept of green GDP, which shows that ecology itself is value. This not only has the value of the trees themselves, but also the green lung effect, which can also bring tourism, under-forest economy, etc."

Increasing greenery means increasing advantages, and protecting forests means protecting wealth. Today, forest areas vigorously promote ecological industrialization and industrial ecologization on the premise of ensuring forest ecological security. In addition to developing tourism, the forest area is also focusing on developing under-forest industries such as black fungus planting and birch juice beverage processing. The green waters and green mountains have truly become invaluable assets here.

Protecting the ecological environment means protecting productivity, and improving the ecological environment means developing productivity. In the view of General Secretary Xi Jinping, lucid waters and green mountains are not only natural wealth, ecological wealth, but also social wealth and economic wealth.

With the power of reform, we will explore new paths to achieve coordinated symbiosis of development and protection, open up channels for the transformation of green waters and green mountains into mountains of gold and silver, and make good ecology and good mountains and rivers "valuable treasures."

On June 1 this year, the "Ecological Protection Compensation Regulations" officially came into effect. At present, my country has built the world's largest ecological protection compensation mechanism with the widest coverage, the largest beneficiary population, and the largest investment.

In recent years, various localities have improved the value realization mechanism of ecological products, explored the accounting of ecosystem GDP, built an ecological economic system with industrial ecology and ecological industrialization as the main body, and promoted forestry carbon ticket trading and emission rights trading.

In Gansu, herdsmen who once relied on mountains to eat have now become caretakers; in Hunan, fishermen who laid down fishing nets have joined fishing protection teams; in Zhejiang, rural tourism and ecological tourism have made people richer and the ecology more beautiful... Our country is taking a "win-win" path of ecological protection and economic development.

Faced with the severe challenge of global warming, China has made a solemn commitment to the world: strive to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060.

my country has incorporated carbon peaking and carbon neutrality into the overall layout of ecological civilization construction, and has successively issued "1+N" policies under the "double carbon" goal, accelerated the development of new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics, and strived to promote green and low-carbon production and lifestyle. The conscious pursuit of the whole society.

In July 2021, the national carbon emissions trading market officially opened, becoming the world's largest carbon market covering greenhouse gas emissions. In January 2024, the national voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading market will be launched to mobilize the entire society to participate in greenhouse gas emission reduction actions.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that ecological civilization is a cause that the people participate in and enjoy in the joint construction, and the construction of a beautiful China must be transformed into conscious action by all people.

Today, green and low-carbon life concepts and methods are being integrated into everyone's life.

In May this year, Chongqing Public Transport Group launched new low-carbon measures to benefit the people. Citizens can directly scan the code or bind their bus cards to take the bus through the "Carbon Benefit" Mini programs. The "Carbon Benefit" platform automatically quantifies its emission reduction effect and then grants carbon points, and then uses the carbon points to exchange for bus coupons at the platform points mall to guide citizens to practice a green and low-carbon lifestyle.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country's carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP have dropped by more than 35%, and the installed capacity of renewable energy has exceeded that of coal power. my country has become an important promoter, contributor and practitioner in addressing climate change.

Beautiful China is gradually approaching. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, China is further deepening the reform of the ecological civilization system, promoting institutional integration and mechanism innovation in an integrated manner, and supporting high-quality development with a high-quality ecological environment. China is writing a new chapter in modernization in which man and nature coexist harmoniously.